Elton's Blog

Tag: ruby

使用rvm在Mac中安装ruby和rails

by on 九.09, 2011, under Mac, Rails

MacOS默认安装的是ruby 1.8.7，如果你想使用ruby 1.9.2的话，除了在官网下载源码编译安装外，可以使用rvm来协助安装。

STEP-1 安装RVM

在Terminal中输入以下命令即可安装

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bash < <(curl -s https://rvm.beginrescueend.com/install/rvm)

为了可以在shell中使用，需要在.bash_profile中输入以下命令

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cd ~/
sudo vim .bash_profile
 
#在.bash_profile中加入
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] &amp;&amp; source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"  # This loads RVM into a shell session.

之后退出Terminal，重启它。

STEP-2 安装Ruby

使用以下命令，可以看到rvm可以支持安装的内容

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$ rvm list known
# MRI Rubies
1.8.6[-p420]
1.8.6-head
1.8.7[-p352]
1.8.7-head
1.9.1-p378
1.9.1[-p431]
1.9.1-head
1.9.2-p180
1.9.2[-p290]
1.9.2-head
ruby-head
...

使用下面的命令安装ruby 1.9.2

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rvm install 1.9.2

然后使用下面命令，让系统使用新的ruby

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$rvm use 1.9.2
Using /Users/elton/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290
$ruby -v
ruby 1.9.2p290 (2011-07-09 revision 32553) [x86_64-darwin11.1.0]

当你重启机器后，你会发现又回复成了1.8.7了，可以使用下面命令，让系统默认使用1.9.2

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rvm --default use 1.9.2

STEP-3 安装Rails

这步很简单

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gem install rails

之后就可以使用最新的ruby和rails了。

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Ruby on Rails: RubyGem version error: rack(1.0.0 not ~> 1.0.1) (RuntimeError)

by on 三.07, 2010, under Rails

当你升级了rails后，有时候会出现rack版本跟rails版本不匹配的情况。 当你执行./script/generate命令的时候，会出现以下错误信息：

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/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:271:in `require_frameworks': RubyGem version error: rack(1.0.0 not ~> 1.0.1) (RuntimeError)
	from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:134:in `process'
	from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send'
	from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run'
	from /Volumes/Data/study/ruby/blog/config/environment.rb:9
	from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require'
	from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require'
	from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/commands/generate.rb:1
	from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require'
	from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require'
	from ./script/generate:3

解决方案：

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$ sudo gem uninstall rack
 
Select gem to uninstall:
 1. rack-1.0.0
 2. rack-1.1.0
 3. All versions
> 1
 
You have requested to uninstall the gem:
	rack-1.0.0
actionpack-2.3.5 depends on [rack (~> 1.0.0)]
actionpack-2.3.4 depends on [rack (~> 1.0.0)]
If you remove this gems, one or more dependencies will not be met.
Continue with Uninstall? [Yn]  y
Successfully uninstalled rack-1.0.0

然后再执行

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sudo gem install -v=2.3.5 rails
 
Successfully installed rack-1.0.1
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for rack-1.0.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-1.0.1...

问题解决

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在snow leopard上编译Ruby, RubyGems, 和Rails

by on 十.01, 2009, under Mac, Rails

准备：

  1. Snow Leopard系统
  2. XCode编译环境，Snow Leopard系统盘上有

第一步：设置路径

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vim ~/.profile

在文件最后加上：

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export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"

使新的路径生效

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source ~/.profile

第二步：下载源文件

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curl -O ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
curl -O http://files.rubyforge.vm.bytemark.co.uk/rubygems/rubygems-1.3.5.tgz

第三步：编译安装
安装ruby

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tar xzvf ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
cd ruby-1.8.7-p174
./configure --enable-shared --enable-pthread CFLAGS=-D_XOPEN_SOURCE=1
make
sudo make install
cd ..

安装rubygem

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tar xzvf rubygems-1.3.5.tgz
cd rubygems-1.3.5
sudo /usr/local/bin/ruby setup.rb
cd ..

安装rails

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sudo gem install rails

安装ruby的mysql驱动

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sudo gem install mysql -- --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql

MySQL使用官方的dmg安装即可。

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no such file to load — sqlite3问题解决

by on 八.23, 2009, under Rails

从rails2.0.2以后，rails默认的数据库是sqlite3了。 所以如果你使用rails appName命令建立应用的话，使用的是sqlite数据库。

作为开发和测试，使用sqlite3数据库倒是可以。如果你在运行应用的时候出现了

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no such file to load -- sqlite3

这个错误，说明你没有安装sqlite的ruby驱动。 使用以下命令可以安装此驱动

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sudo gem install sqlite3-ruby

安装成功后，上面的问题就解决了。

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Leopard下手工安装ruby,rails和mysql

by on 八.23, 2009, under Mac, Rails

1. 安装readline
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/

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cd readline-6.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
sudo make install

2. 安装ruby

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tar xvjf ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.bz2
cd ruby-1.8.7-p174
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ruby --enable-pthread --with-readline-dir=/usr/local --enable-shared
make
sudo make install
sudo make install-doc

使用ruby -v来确认版本安装正确

3. 安装mysql

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/configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-shared --with-plugins=max-no-ndb
make
sudo make install
cd /usr/local/mysql
sudo ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sudo chown -R mysql ./var/

mac os x 是靠 launchd 守护进程运行的, 配置文件用的是 PropertyList (XML 格式), 通过观察发现每10秒检查一次, 发现进程不在就启动.

方法是新建 /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist 写入如下内容.

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
	<key>KeepAlive</key>
<true />
	<key>Label</key>
	<string>com.mysql.mysqld</string>
	<key>Program</key>
	<string>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe</string>
	<key>RunAtLoad</key>
<true />
	<key>UserName</key>
	<string>mysql</string>
	<key>WorkingDirectory</key>
	<string>/usr/local/mysql</string>
	</dict>
</plist>

加入守护清单
sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist

查看清单
launchctl list

解除守护
sudo launchctl unload -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.mysql.mysqld.plist

4. 安装mysql的c驱动

http://rubyforge.org/fsr/download.php/51087/mysql-ruby-2.8.1.tar.gz

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tar xzvf mysql-ruby-2.8.1.tar.gz
cd mysql-ruby-2.8.1
ruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql
make
sudo make instal

如果出现类似以下的错误

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checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lm... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lz... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lsocket... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lnsl... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lmygcc... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

就换用

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sudo ruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-config
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